Vocabulary Focus: Prefix anti- (against / preventing / opposing)

1. Social → Antisocial (adj)

Meaning: not enjoying the company of others; harmful to society
Example: John is an antisocial person and avoids group activities.
Common collocations:

• antisocial behaviour

• antisocial attitude

• antisocial tendencies

2. Bacterial → Antibacterial (adj)

Meaning: killing or stopping the growth of bacteria
Example: This cleaner is antibacterial and safe for kitchens.
Common collocations:

• antibacterial soap

• antibacterial spray

• antibacterial surface

3. Viral / Virus → Antiviral (adj / n)

Meaning: used to treat or prevent viral infections
Example: Doctors often prescribe antiviral medication for flu.
Common collocations:

• antiviral drug

• antiviral treatment

• antiviral medication

4. Inflammatory → Anti-inflammatory (adj)

Meaning: reducing inflammation or pain
Example: She took an anti-inflammatory drug for back pain.
Common collocations:

• anti-inflammatory drug

• anti-inflammatory medication

• anti-inflammatory effects

5. War → Antiwar (adj)

Meaning: opposed to war
Example: He became active in the antiwar movement at university.
Common collocations:

• antiwar movement

• antiwar protest

• antiwar campaign

6. Government → Antigovernment (adj)

Meaning: opposed to government or its policies
Example: Antigovernment protests spread quickly on social media.
Common collocations:

• antigovernment protest

• antigovernment sentiment

• antigovernment movement

7. Racist → Antiracist (adj / n)

Meaning: actively opposing racism
Example: The company promotes antiracist workplace policies.
Common collocations:

• antiracist education

• antiracist policy

• antiracist movement

8. Smoking → Antismoking (adj)

Meaning: aimed at reducing or stopping smoking
Example: Antismoking advertisements target young people.
Common collocations:

• antismoking campaign

• antismoking advertisement

• antismoking law

9. Body / Immune → Antibody (n)

Meaning: a substance produced by the body to fight infection
Example: The test measures antibodies in the blood.
Common collocations:

• produce antibodies

• antibody levels

• antibody response

10. Freeze → Antifreeze (n)

Meaning: a liquid added to engines to prevent freezing
Example: Always check the antifreeze level in winter.
Common collocations:

• antifreeze level

• antifreeze solution

• add antifreeze